Stadium of Domitian historical timeline

An emperor built Rome's first masonry stadium for Greek-style games the Romans never warmed to, and the square above it kept the shape.

Chronology

1. AD 86 — the Stadium of Domitian is inaugurated, built to celebrate the Certamen Capitolino Iovi, held in honour of Jupiter Optimus Maximus and instituted in imitation of the Olympic games. It is the first and only example of a stadium in masonry.
2. Late 1st century AD — an Odeon is built nearby for the purpose of the musical and poetic challenges that accompanied the athletic contests.
3. During the games — the emperor presides wearing a purple toga and carrying on his head a golden crown with the effigy of Jupiter, Juno and Minerva, and it is customary to distribute allowances and gifts to the neediest of the people.
4. In Domitian's intention — to sensitise and involve the Romans in practising athletics more and non-violent sports in the Greek manner; but the games are little loved by the citizens, who consider them insufficiently manly.
5. Thereafter — the structure is buried; the square above preserves its outline, the stadium lying about 4.50 metres below street level, exactly underneath piazza Navona.
6. Currently — the Archaeological Area is closed for restoration works.

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